32 华三vlan案例+STP

1 开启STP

显示根桥信息

查看stp中的接口角色

查看设备的根桥ID 最小的值是根网桥

原则一网络初始化时，网络中所有的STP设备都认为自己是“根桥”，根桥ID为自身的设备ID。通过交换BPDU，设备之间比较根桥ID，网络中根桥ID最小的设备被选为根桥。

SW4 优先机改为0

2 在同一网段PC机可以互通 ping 172.168.12.254/24 测试结果

[H3C]ping 172.168.12.1
Ping 172.168.12.1 (172.168.12.1): 56 data bytes, press CTRL_C to break
56 bytes from 172.168.12.1: icmp_seq=0 ttl=255 time=0.000 ms
56 bytes from 172.168.12.1: icmp_seq=1 ttl=255 time=0.000 ms
56 bytes from 172.168.12.1: icmp_seq=2 ttl=255 time=0.000 ms
56 bytes from 172.168.12.1: icmp_seq=3 ttl=255 time=0.000 ms
56 bytes from 172.168.12.1: icmp_seq=4 ttl=255 time=0.000 ms--- Ping statistics for 172.168.12.1 ---
5 packet(s) transmitted, 5 packet(s) received, 0.0% packet loss
round-trip min/avg/max/std-dev = 0.000/0.000/0.000/0.000 ms
[H3C]%Jul 10 13:03:43:815 2024 H3C PING/6/PING_STATISTICS: Ping statistics for 172.168.12.1: 5 packet(s) transmitted, 5 packet(s) received, 0.0% packet loss, round-trip min/avg/max/std-dev = 0.000/0.000/0.000/0.000 ms.[H3C]ping 172.168.12.2
Ping 172.168.12.2 (172.168.12.2): 56 data bytes, press CTRL_C to break
56 bytes from 172.168.12.2: icmp_seq=0 ttl=255 time=3.000 ms
56 bytes from 172.168.12.2: icmp_seq=1 ttl=255 time=1.000 ms
56 bytes from 172.168.12.2: icmp_seq=2 ttl=255 time=2.000 ms
56 bytes from 172.168.12.2: icmp_seq=3 ttl=255 time=1.000 ms
56 bytes from 172.168.12.2: icmp_seq=4 ttl=255 time=1.000 ms--- Ping statistics for 172.168.12.2 ---
5 packet(s) transmitted, 5 packet(s) received, 0.0% packet loss
round-trip min/avg/max/std-dev = 1.000/1.600/3.000/0.800 ms
[H3C]%Jul 10 13:03:48:731 2024 H3C PING/6/PING_STATISTICS: Ping statistics for 172.168.12.2: 5 packet(s) transmitted, 5 packet(s) received, 0.0% packet loss, round-trip min/avg/max/std-dev = 1.000/1.600/3.000/0.800 ms.[H3C]ping 172.168.12.3
Ping 172.168.12.3 (172.168.12.3): 56 data bytes, press CTRL_C to break
56 bytes from 172.168.12.3: icmp_seq=0 ttl=255 time=5.000 ms
56 bytes from 172.168.12.3: icmp_seq=1 ttl=255 time=2.000 ms
56 bytes from 172.168.12.3: icmp_seq=2 ttl=255 time=1.000 ms
56 bytes from 172.168.12.3: icmp_seq=3 ttl=255 time=1.000 ms
56 bytes from 172.168.12.3: icmp_seq=4 ttl=255 time=1.000 ms--- Ping statistics for 172.168.12.3 ---
5 packet(s) transmitted, 5 packet(s) received, 0.0% packet loss
round-trip min/avg/max/std-dev = 1.000/2.000/5.000/1.549 ms
[H3C]%Jul 10 13:03:52:366 2024 H3C PING/6/PING_STATISTICS: Ping statistics for 172.168.12.3: 5 packet(s) transmitted, 5 packet(s) received, 0.0% packet loss, round-trip min/avg/max/std-dev = 1.000/2.000/5.000/1.549 ms.[H3C]ping 172.168.12.4
Ping 172.168.12.4 (172.168.12.4): 56 data bytes, press CTRL_C to break
56 bytes from 172.168.12.4: icmp_seq=0 ttl=255 time=6.000 ms
56 bytes from 172.168.12.4: icmp_seq=1 ttl=255 time=2.000 ms
56 bytes from 172.168.12.4: icmp_seq=2 ttl=255 time=1.000 ms
56 bytes from 172.168.12.4: icmp_seq=3 ttl=255 time=1.000 ms
56 bytes from 172.168.12.4: icmp_seq=4 ttl=255 time=2.000 ms--- Ping statistics for 172.168.12.4 ---
5 packet(s) transmitted, 5 packet(s) received, 0.0% packet loss
round-trip min/avg/max/std-dev = 1.000/2.400/6.000/1.855 ms
[H3C]%Jul 10 13:03:55:857 2024 H3C PING/6/PING_STATISTICS: Ping statistics for 172.168.12.4: 5 packet(s) transmitted, 5 packet(s) received, 0.0% packet loss, round-trip min/avg/max/std-dev = 1.000/2.400/6.000/1.855 ms.[H3C]ping 172.168.12.5
Ping 172.168.12.5 (172.168.12.5): 56 data bytes, press CTRL_C to break
56 bytes from 172.168.12.5: icmp_seq=0 ttl=255 time=6.000 ms
56 bytes from 172.168.12.5: icmp_seq=1 ttl=255 time=2.000 ms
56 bytes from 172.168.12.5: icmp_seq=2 ttl=255 time=2.000 ms
56 bytes from 172.168.12.5: icmp_seq=3 ttl=255 time=2.000 ms
56 bytes from 172.168.12.5: icmp_seq=4 ttl=255 time=2.000 ms--- Ping statistics for 172.168.12.5 ---
5 packet(s) transmitted, 5 packet(s) received, 0.0% packet loss
round-trip min/avg/max/std-dev = 2.000/2.800/6.000/1.600 ms
[H3C]%Jul 10 13:03:59:474 2024 H3C PING/6/PING_STATISTICS: Ping statistics for 172.168.12.5: 5 packet(s) transmitted, 5 packet(s) received, 0.0% packet loss, round-trip min/avg/max/std-dev = 2.000/2.800/6.000/1.600 ms.[H3C]ping 172.168.12.6
Ping 172.168.12.6 (172.168.12.6): 56 data bytes, press CTRL_C to break
56 bytes from 172.168.12.6: icmp_seq=0 ttl=255 time=4.000 ms
56 bytes from 172.168.12.6: icmp_seq=1 ttl=255 time=1.000 ms
56 bytes from 172.168.12.6: icmp_seq=2 ttl=255 time=2.000 ms
56 bytes from 172.168.12.6: icmp_seq=3 ttl=255 time=1.000 ms
56 bytes from 172.168.12.6: icmp_seq=4 ttl=255 time=1.000 ms--- Ping statistics for 172.168.12.6 ---
5 packet(s) transmitted, 5 packet(s) received, 0.0% packet loss
round-trip min/avg/max/std-dev = 1.000/1.800/4.000/1.166 ms
[H3C]%Jul 10 13:04:02:586 2024 H3C PING/6/PING_STATISTICS: Ping statistics for 172.168.12.6: 5 packet(s) transmitted, 5 packet(s) received, 0.0% packet loss, round-trip min/avg/max/std-dev = 1.000/1.800/4.000/1.166 ms.[H3C]ping 172.168.12.7
Ping 172.168.12.7 (172.168.12.7): 56 data bytes, press CTRL_C to break--- Ping statistics for 172.168.12.7 ---
1 packet(s) transmitted, 0 packet(s) received, 100.0% packet loss
[H3C]%Jul 10 13:04:07:976 2024 H3C PING/6/PING_STATISTICS: Ping statistics for 172.168.12.7: 1 packet(s) transmitted, 0 packet(s) received, 100.0% packet loss.

3 在同一网段PC机可以互通 ping 172.168.13.254/24 测试结果

问题来了为什么能通？

这是一个显示命令，用于查看交换机SW1-B上的所有VLAN配置信息。

VLAN ID: 1 表示该VLAN的唯一标识为1。
VLAN type: Static 表示该VLAN是静态VLAN，由管理员手动配置的。
Route interface: Not configured 表示该VLAN没有配置路由接口，无法进行跨VLAN通信。
Description: VLAN 0001 表示该VLAN的描述为"VLAN 0001"。
Name: VLAN 0001 表示该VLAN的名称也为"VLAN 0001"。
Tagged ports: None 表示该VLAN上没有配置Trunk端口，不能传递多个VLAN的数据。
Untagged ports: FortyGigE1/0/53 表示该VLAN上配置了一个Untagged端口，即FortyGigE1/0/53端口，该端口上的数据将属于该VLAN，不需要打上VLAN标签。

4 vlan的创建

Redirect it to a file - 这个选项允许用户将命令的输出重定向到一个文件中，而不是在终端上显示。
Redirect it to a file in append mode - 这个选项类似于上一个选项，但它会将输出追加到现有文件的末尾，而不是覆盖文件。
INTEGER<1-4094> - 这是一个参数，用户可以指定一个整数（1到4094之间），来显示特定VLAN的配置信息。
all - 显示所有VLAN的配置信息。
brief - 显示所有VLAN的简要信息。
dynamic - 显示动态VLAN的配置信息。
mapping - 显示VLAN映射信息，这可能包括VLAN ID与端口之间的映射关系。
reserved - 显示保留的VLAN配置信息。
static - 显示静态VLAN的配置信息。
| - 这个符号通常用于管道操作，允许用户将命令的输出作为另一个命令的输入。

删除 undo


[SW4-A]undo  vlan 12 to 17
You will delete all specified static VLANs except protocol reserved VLANs and the default VLAN. Continue? [Y/N]:y
[SW4-A]dis
[SW4-A]display  vl
[SW4-A]display  vlan al
[SW4-A]display  vlan all VLAN ID: 1VLAN type: StaticRoute interface: Not configuredDescription: VLAN 0001Name: VLAN 0001Tagged ports:   NoneUntagged ports: FortyGigE1/0/53               FortyGigE1/0/54               GigabitEthernet1/0/1          GigabitEthernet1/0/2          GigabitEthernet1/0/3          GigabitEthernet1/0/4          GigabitEthernet1/0/5          GigabitEthernet1/0/6          GigabitEthernet1/0/7          GigabitEthernet1/0/8          GigabitEthernet1/0/9          GigabitEthernet1/0/10         GigabitEthernet1/0/11         GigabitEthernet1/0/12         GigabitEthernet1/0/13         GigabitEthernet1/0/14         GigabitEthernet1/0/15         GigabitEthernet1/0/16         GigabitEthernet1/0/17         GigabitEthernet1/0/18         GigabitEthernet1/0/19         GigabitEthernet1/0/20         GigabitEthernet1/0/21         GigabitEthernet1/0/22         GigabitEthernet1/0/23         GigabitEthernet1/0/24         GigabitEthernet1/0/25         GigabitEthernet1/0/26         GigabitEthernet1/0/27         GigabitEthernet1/0/28         GigabitEthernet1/0/29         GigabitEthernet1/0/30         GigabitEthernet1/0/31         GigabitEthernet1/0/32         GigabitEthernet1/0/33         GigabitEthernet1/0/34         GigabitEthernet1/0/35         GigabitEthernet1/0/36         GigabitEthernet1/0/37         GigabitEthernet1/0/38         GigabitEthernet1/0/39         GigabitEthernet1/0/40         GigabitEthernet1/0/41         GigabitEthernet1/0/42         GigabitEthernet1/0/43         GigabitEthernet1/0/44         GigabitEthernet1/0/45         GigabitEthernet1/0/46         GigabitEthernet1/0/47         GigabitEthernet1/0/48         Ten-GigabitEthernet1/0/49     Ten-GigabitEthernet1/0/50     Ten-GigabitEthernet1/0/51     Ten-GigabitEthernet1/0/52     [SW4-A]

5 access接口增加对应对vlan操作 1:1关系只能通过一个vlan编号

批量处理接口对多个接口操作

单个vlan的接口增加对应端口简写

批量增加接口的简写处理简写

<H3C>ping 172.168.13.1
Ping 172.168.13.1 (172.168.13.1): 56 data bytes, press CTRL_C to break
56 bytes from 172.168.13.1: icmp_seq=0 ttl=255 time=0.000 ms
56 bytes from 172.168.13.1: icmp_seq=1 ttl=255 time=0.000 ms
56 bytes from 172.168.13.1: icmp_seq=2 ttl=255 time=0.000 ms
56 bytes from 172.168.13.1: icmp_seq=3 ttl=255 time=0.000 ms
56 bytes from 172.168.13.1: icmp_seq=4 ttl=255 time=0.000 ms--- Ping statistics for 172.168.13.1 ---
5 packet(s) transmitted, 5 packet(s) received, 0.0% packet loss
round-trip min/avg/max/std-dev = 0.000/0.000/0.000/0.000 ms
<H3C>%Jul 10 13:57:51:079 2024 H3C PING/6/PING_STATISTICS: Ping statistics for 172.168.13.1: 5 packet(s) transmitted, 5 packet(s) received, 0.0% packet loss, round-trip min/avg/max/std-dev = 0.000/0.000/0.000/0.000 ms.<H3C>ping 172.168.13.2
Ping 172.168.13.2 (172.168.13.2): 56 data bytes, press CTRL_C to break
56 bytes from 172.168.13.2: icmp_seq=0 ttl=255 time=1.000 ms
56 bytes from 172.168.13.2: icmp_seq=1 ttl=255 time=2.000 ms
56 bytes from 172.168.13.2: icmp_seq=2 ttl=255 time=1.000 ms
56 bytes from 172.168.13.2: icmp_seq=3 ttl=255 time=0.000 ms
56 bytes from 172.168.13.2: icmp_seq=4 ttl=255 time=1.000 ms--- Ping statistics for 172.168.13.2 ---
5 packet(s) transmitted, 5 packet(s) received, 0.0% packet loss
round-trip min/avg/max/std-dev = 0.000/1.000/2.000/0.632 ms
<H3C>%Jul 10 13:57:56:434 2024 H3C PING/6/PING_STATISTICS: Ping statistics for 172.168.13.2: 5 packet(s) transmitted, 5 packet(s) received, 0.0% packet loss, round-trip min/avg/max/std-dev = 0.000/1.000/2.000/0.632 ms.
ping 172.168.13.3
Ping 172.168.13.3 (172.168.13.3): 56 data bytes, press CTRL_C to break
Request time out
Request time out
Request time out
Request time out
Request time out--- Ping statistics for 172.168.13.3 ---
5 packet(s) transmitted, 0 packet(s) received, 100.0% packet loss
<H3C>%Jul 10 13:58:10:245 2024 H3C PING/6/PING_STATISTICS: Ping statistics for 172.168.13.3: 5 packet(s) transmitted, 0 packet(s) received, 100.0% packet los

6 trunk 1:N的关系

trunk的接口增加配置

简写

[SW1-B]display  vlan all VLAN ID: 1VLAN type: StaticRoute interface: Not configuredDescription: VLAN 0001Name: VLAN 0001Tagged ports:   NoneUntagged ports: FortyGigE1/0/53               FortyGigE1/0/54               GigabitEthernet1/0/1          GigabitEthernet1/0/2          GigabitEthernet1/0/3          GigabitEthernet1/0/4          GigabitEthernet1/0/5          GigabitEthernet1/0/6          GigabitEthernet1/0/7          GigabitEthernet1/0/8          GigabitEthernet1/0/9          GigabitEthernet1/0/10         GigabitEthernet1/0/11         GigabitEthernet1/0/12         GigabitEthernet1/0/13         GigabitEthernet1/0/14         GigabitEthernet1/0/15         GigabitEthernet1/0/16         GigabitEthernet1/0/17         GigabitEthernet1/0/18         GigabitEthernet1/0/19         GigabitEthernet1/0/20         GigabitEthernet1/0/21         GigabitEthernet1/0/22         GigabitEthernet1/0/23         GigabitEthernet1/0/24         GigabitEthernet1/0/25         GigabitEthernet1/0/26         GigabitEthernet1/0/27         GigabitEthernet1/0/28         GigabitEthernet1/0/29         GigabitEthernet1/0/30         GigabitEthernet1/0/31         GigabitEthernet1/0/32         GigabitEthernet1/0/33         GigabitEthernet1/0/34         GigabitEthernet1/0/35         GigabitEthernet1/0/36         GigabitEthernet1/0/37         GigabitEthernet1/0/38         GigabitEthernet1/0/39         GigabitEthernet1/0/40         GigabitEthernet1/0/41         GigabitEthernet1/0/42         GigabitEthernet1/0/43         GigabitEthernet1/0/44         GigabitEthernet1/0/45         GigabitEthernet1/0/46         GigabitEthernet1/0/47         GigabitEthernet1/0/48         Ten-GigabitEthernet1/0/49     Ten-GigabitEthernet1/0/50     Ten-GigabitEthernet1/0/51     Ten-GigabitEthernet1/0/52     VLAN ID: 12VLAN type: StaticRoute interface: Not configuredDescription: VLAN 0012Name: VLAN 0012Tagged ports:   GigabitEthernet1/0/1          GigabitEthernet1/0/5          GigabitEthernet1/0/6          Untagged ports: NoneVLAN ID: 13VLAN type: StaticRoute interface: Not configuredDescription: VLAN 0013Name: VLAN 0013Tagged ports:   GigabitEthernet1/0/1          GigabitEthernet1/0/5          GigabitEthernet1/0/6          Untagged ports: NoneVLAN ID: 14VLAN type: StaticRoute interface: Not configuredDescription: VLAN 0014Name: VLAN 0014Tagged ports:   GigabitEthernet1/0/1          GigabitEthernet1/0/5          GigabitEthernet1/0/6          Untagged ports: NoneVLAN ID: 15VLAN type: StaticRoute interface: Not configuredDescription: VLAN 0015Name: VLAN 0015Tagged ports:   GigabitEthernet1/0/1          GigabitEthernet1/0/5          GigabitEthernet1/0/6          Untagged ports: NoneVLAN ID: 16VLAN type: StaticRoute interface: Not configuredDescription: VLAN 0016Name: VLAN 0016Tagged ports:   GigabitEthernet1/0/1          GigabitEthernet1/0/5          GigabitEthernet1/0/6          Untagged ports: NoneVLAN ID: 17VLAN type: StaticRoute interface: Not configuredDescription: VLAN 0017Name: VLAN 0017Tagged ports:   GigabitEthernet1/0/1          GigabitEthernet1/0/5          GigabitEthernet1/0/6          Untagged ports: NoneVLAN ID: 18VLAN type: StaticRoute interface: Not configuredDescription: VLAN 0018Name: VLAN 0018Tagged ports:   GigabitEthernet1/0/1          GigabitEthernet1/0/5          GigabitEthernet1/0/6          Untagged ports: NoneVLAN ID: 19VLAN type: StaticRoute interface: Not configuredDescription: VLAN 0019Name: VLAN 0019Tagged ports:   GigabitEthernet1/0/1          GigabitEthernet1/0/5          GigabitEthernet1/0/6          Untagged ports: NoneVLAN ID: 20VLAN type: StaticRoute interface: Not configuredDescription: VLAN 0020Name: VLAN 0020Tagged ports:   GigabitEthernet1/0/1          GigabitEthernet1/0/5          GigabitEthernet1/0/6          Untagged ports: None[SW1-B]