C#仿QQ抽屉式窗体的设计方法：创建特殊窗体

1.WindowFromPoint函数

2.GetParent函数

3.实例

（1）图片集合编辑器

（2）Form1.Designer.cs

（3）Form1.cs

4.生成效果

QQ软件对于绝大多数的人来说再熟悉不过了，它以使用方便、界面美观及功能完善而著称。

主要通过使用API函数WindowFromPoint和GetParent实现仿QQ的抽屉式窗体：

1.WindowFromPoint函数

该函数用于获得包含指定点坐标的窗口的句柄。语法格式如下：

[DlIImport("user32.dll")]   //需要引入user32.dll动态链接库
public static extern int WindowFromPoint(int xPoint,int yPoint) //获得包含指定点坐标的窗口的句柄
参数说明
xPoint：被检测点的横坐标。
yPoint：被检测点的纵坐标。
目返回值：为包含指定点坐标的窗口的句柄，若包含指定点坐标的窗口不存在，则返回值为null；若该坐标对应的点在静态文本控件之上，则返回值是在该静态文本控件下面的窗口的句柄。

2.GetParent函数

该函数用于获取指定句柄的父级。语法格式如下：

[DllImport("user32.dll",ExactSpelling =true,CharSet =CharSet.Auto)]//需要引入user32.dll动态链接库
public static extern IntPtr GetParent(IntPtr hWnd);                 //获取指定句柄的父级参数说明
hWnd:指定窗口的句柄。
返回值：若果函数执行成功，则返回指定窗口句柄的父级；若函数执行失败，则返回值为null。

3.实例

本实例仿照QQ软件界面的基本操作设计了一个抽屉式的窗体：在该窗体中单击任意按钮，程序将显示被单击按钮对应的列表，同时隐藏其他两个按钮对应的列表；用鼠标拖曳该窗体到屏幕的任意边缘，窗体会自动隐藏到该边缘内，当鼠标划过隐藏窗体的边缘时，窗体会显示出来；当鼠标离开窗体时，窗体再次被隐藏。

（1）图片集合编辑器

本实例没有使用资源管理器加载图片。本实例设计了一个imageList1控件，项目使用的图片都要设计到imageList1的图像集合编辑器中。

（2）Form1.Designer.cs

namespace _190
{partial class Form1{/// <summary>///  Required designer variable./// </summary>private System.ComponentModel.IContainer components = null;/// <summary>///  Clean up any resources being used./// </summary>/// <param name="disposing">true if managed resources should be disposed; otherwise, false.</param>protected override void Dispose(bool disposing){if (disposing && (components != null)){components.Dispose();}base.Dispose(disposing);}#region Windows Form Designer generated code/// <summary>///  Required method for Designer support - do not modify///  the contents of this method with the code editor./// </summary>private void InitializeComponent(){components = new System.ComponentModel.Container();System.ComponentModel.ComponentResourceManager resources = new System.ComponentModel.ComponentResourceManager(typeof(Form1));button1 = new Button();button2 = new Button();button3 = new Button();listView1 = new ListView();imageList1 = new ImageList(components);JudgeWinMouPosition = new System.Windows.Forms.Timer(components);HideWindow = new System.Windows.Forms.Timer(components);SuspendLayout();// // button1// button1.Dock = DockStyle.Top;button1.Location = new Point(0, 0);button1.Name = "button1";button1.Size = new Size(153, 23);button1.TabIndex = 0;button1.Text = "我的好友";button1.UseVisualStyleBackColor = true;button1.Click += Button1_Click;// // button2// button2.Dock = DockStyle.Bottom;button2.Location = new Point(0, 262);button2.Name = "button2";button2.Size = new Size(153, 23);button2.TabIndex = 1;button2.Text = "黑名单";button2.UseVisualStyleBackColor = true;button2.Click += Button2_Click;// // button3// button3.Dock = DockStyle.Bottom;button3.Location = new Point(0, 239);button3.Name = "button3";button3.Size = new Size(153, 23);button3.TabIndex = 2;button3.Text = "陌生人";button3.UseVisualStyleBackColor = true;button3.Click += Button3_Click;// // listView1// listView1.Dock = DockStyle.Fill;listView1.Location = new Point(0, 23);listView1.Name = "listView1";listView1.Size = new Size(153, 216);listView1.TabIndex = 3;listView1.UseCompatibleStateImageBehavior = false;// // imageList1// imageList1.ColorDepth = ColorDepth.Depth32Bit;imageList1.ImageStream = (ImageListStreamer)resources.GetObject("imageList1.ImageStream");imageList1.TransparentColor = Color.Transparent;imageList1.Images.SetKeyName(0, "01.jpg");imageList1.Images.SetKeyName(1, "02.png");imageList1.Images.SetKeyName(2, "03.jpg");imageList1.Images.SetKeyName(3, "04.jpg");imageList1.Images.SetKeyName(4, "05.png");imageList1.Images.SetKeyName(5, "06.jpg");// // JudgeWinMouPosition// JudgeWinMouPosition.Tick += JudgeWinMouPosition_Tick;// // HideWindow// HideWindow.Tick += HideWindow_Tick;// // Form1// AutoScaleDimensions = new SizeF(7F, 17F);AutoScaleMode = AutoScaleMode.Font;BackgroundImageLayout = ImageLayout.Stretch;ClientSize = new Size(153, 285);Controls.Add(listView1);Controls.Add(button3);Controls.Add(button2);Controls.Add(button1);Name = "Form1";StartPosition = FormStartPosition.CenterScreen;Text = "仿QQ抽屉式窗体";Load += Form1_Load;LocationChanged += Form1_LocationChanged;Resize += Form1_Resize;ResumeLayout(false);}#endregionprivate Button button1;private Button button2;private Button button3;private ListView listView1;private ImageList imageList1;private System.Windows.Forms.Timer JudgeWinMouPosition;private System.Windows.Forms.Timer HideWindow;}
}

（3）Form1.cs

// 仿QQ抽屉式窗体
using System.Runtime.InteropServices;namespace _190
{public partial class Form1 : Form{#region 声明本程序中用到的API函数//获取当前鼠标下可视化控件的函数[LibraryImport("user32.dll")]public static partial int WindowFromPoint(int xPoint, int yPoint);//获取指定句柄的父级函数[LibraryImport("user32.dll")]public static partial IntPtr GetParent(IntPtr hWnd);//获取屏幕的大小[LibraryImport("user32.dll", EntryPoint = "GetSystemMetrics")]private static partial int GetSystemMetrics(int mVal);#endregionpublic Form1(){InitializeComponent();}#region 运行本程序需要声明的变量private IntPtr CurrentHandle;   //记录鼠标当前状态下控件的句柄private int WindowFlag;         //标记是否对窗体进行拉伸操作 private int intOriHeight;#endregionprivate void Form1_Load(object sender, EventArgs e){intOriHeight = Height;DesktopLocation = new Point(794, 0);   //为当前窗体定位JudgeWinMouPosition.Enabled = true;    //计时器JudgeWinMouPosition开始工作listView1.Clear();listView1.LargeImageList = imageList1;listView1.Items.Add("小猪", "小猪", 0);listView1.Items.Add("小狗", "小狗", 1);listView1.Items.Add("娇娇", "娇娇", 2);}public int OriHeight{get { return intOriHeight; }}/// <summary>/// 我的好友/// </summary>private void Button1_Click(object sender, EventArgs e){listView1.Dock = DockStyle.None;button1.Dock = DockStyle.Top;button2.Dock = DockStyle.Bottom;button3.Dock = DockStyle.Bottom;button3.SendToBack();listView1.BringToFront();listView1.Dock = DockStyle.Bottom;listView1.Clear();listView1.Items.Add("小猪", "小猪", 0);listView1.Items.Add("小狗", "小狗", 1);listView1.Items.Add("娇娇", "娇娇", 2);}/// <summary>/// 陌生人/// </summary>private void Button3_Click(object sender, EventArgs e){listView1.Dock = DockStyle.None;button2.Dock = DockStyle.Top;button1.Dock = DockStyle.Top;button1.SendToBack();button3.Dock = DockStyle.Bottom;listView1.Dock = DockStyle.Bottom;listView1.Clear();listView1.Items.Add("北风", "北风", 3);}/// <summary>/// 黑名单/// </summary>private void Button2_Click(object sender, EventArgs e){listView1.Dock = DockStyle.None;button3.Dock = DockStyle.Top;   //设置button3按钮绑定到窗体的上边缘button2.Dock = DockStyle.Top;   //设置button2按钮绑定到窗体的上边缘button2.SendToBack();           //保证button2在button3的后面button1.Dock = DockStyle.Top;button1.SendToBack();           //保证button1在button2的后面listView1.Dock = DockStyle.Bottom;listView1.Clear();listView1.Items.Add("冰雨", "冰雨", 5);}/// <summary>/// 判断当前窗体处于哪个状态/// </summary>private void HideWindow_Tick(object sender, EventArgs e){switch (Convert.ToInt32(WindowFlag.ToString())) {case 1:          //当窗体处于最上端时   if (Top < 3) //当窗体与容器工作区的上边缘的距离小于5px时Top = -(Height - 2);  //设定当前窗体距容器工作区上边缘的值break;case 2:          //当窗体处于最左端时if (Left < 3)//当窗体与容器工作区的左边缘的距离小于5px时Left = -(Width - 2); //设定当前窗体据容器工作区左边缘的值break;case 3:          //当窗体处于最右端时if ((Left + Width) > (GetSystemMetrics(0) - 3))     //当窗体与容器工作区的右边缘的距离小于5px时Left = GetSystemMetrics(0) - 2;                 //设定当前窗体距容器工作区左边缘的值break;case 4:          //当窗体处于最低端时if (Bottom > Screen.AllScreens[0].Bounds.Height - 3)//当窗体与容器工作区的下边缘的距离小于5px时Top = Screen.AllScreens[0].Bounds.Height - 5;   //设定当前窗体距容器工作区上边缘之间的距离break;}}private void JudgeWinMouPosition_Tick(object sender, EventArgs e){if (Top < 3)         //当本窗体距屏幕的上边距小于3px时{if (Handle == MouseNowPosition(Cursor.Position.X, Cursor.Position.Y))//当鼠标在该窗体上时{WindowFlag = 1;             //设定当前的窗体状态HideWindow.Enabled = false; //设定计时器HideWindow为不可用状态Top = 0;                    //设定窗体上边缘与容器工作区上边缘之间的距离}else                            //当鼠标没在窗体上时{WindowFlag = 1;             //设定当前的窗体状态HideWindow.Enabled = true;  //启动计时器HideWindow}}                                   //当本窗体距屏幕的上边距大于3px时else{//当本窗体在屏幕的最左端或者最右端、最下端时if (Left < 3 || (Left + Width) > (GetSystemMetrics(0) - 3) || (Top + Height) > (Screen.AllScreens[0].Bounds.Height - 3)){if (Left < 3)              //当窗体处于屏幕左侧时{if (Handle == MouseNowPosition(Cursor.Position.X, Cursor.Position.Y))    //当鼠标在该窗体上时{Height = Screen.AllScreens[0].Bounds.Height - 40;Top = 3;WindowFlag = 2;    //设定当前的窗体状态HideWindow.Enabled = false;//设定计时器HideWindow为不可用状态Left = 0;          //设定窗体的左边缘与容器工作区的左边缘之间的距离}else                   //当鼠标没在该窗体上时{WindowFlag = 2;    //设定当前的窗体状态HideWindow.Enabled = true;//设定计时器HideWindow为可用状态}}if ((Left + Width) > (GetSystemMetrics(0) - 3)) //当窗体处于屏幕的最右侧时{if (Handle == MouseNowPosition(Cursor.Position.X, Cursor.Position.Y))//当鼠标处于窗体上时{Height = Screen.AllScreens[0].Bounds.Height - 40;Top = 3;WindowFlag = 3;       //设定当前的窗体状态HideWindow.Enabled = false; //设定计时器HideWindow为不可用状态Left = GetSystemMetrics(0) - Width;      //设定该窗体与容器工作区左边缘之间的距离}else                      //当鼠标离开窗体时{WindowFlag = 3;       //设定当前的窗体状态HideWindow.Enabled = true;  //设定计时器HideWindow为可用状态}}//当窗体距屏幕最下端的距离小于3px时if ((Top + Height) > (Screen.AllScreens[0].Bounds.Height - 3)){if (Handle == MouseNowPosition(Cursor.Position.X, Cursor.Position.Y)) //当鼠标在该窗体上时{WindowFlag = 4;           //设定当前的窗体状态HideWindow.Enabled = false;//设定计时器HideWindow为不可用状态Top = Screen.AllScreens[0].Bounds.Height - Height;//设定该窗体与容器工作区上边缘之间的距离}else{if ((Left > Width + 3) && (GetSystemMetrics(0) - Right) > 3){WindowFlag = 4;           //设定当前的窗体状态HideWindow.Enabled = true; //设定计时器HideWindow为可用状态}}}}}}#region 获取鼠标当前状态下控件的句柄/// <summary>/// 获取鼠标当前状态下控件的句柄/// </summary>/// <param name="x">当前鼠标的X坐标</param>/// <param name="y">当前鼠标的Y坐标</param>/// <returns></returns>public IntPtr MouseNowPosition(int x, int y){IntPtr OriginalHandle;//声明保存原始句柄的变量OriginalHandle = WindowFromPoint(x, y);//获取包含鼠标原始位置的窗口的句柄CurrentHandle = OriginalHandle;        //设置当前句柄while (OriginalHandle != 0)            //循环判断鼠标是否移动{CurrentHandle = OriginalHandle;    //记录当前的句柄OriginalHandle = GetParent(CurrentHandle);//更新原始句柄}return CurrentHandle;                  //返回当前的句柄}#endregionprivate void Form1_LocationChanged(object sender, EventArgs e){if (Left > 3 && Right < (GetSystemMetrics(0) - 3)){if (Height == Screen.AllScreens[0].Bounds.Height - 40){Height = OriHeight;}}}private void Form1_Resize(object sender, EventArgs e){listView1.Height = Height - button3.Height * 3 - 30;}}
}

4.生成效果

生成的窗体默认停留在窗体顶部，并且隐藏的。鼠标滑动到其停住的区域该窗体就会弹出。此时可以拖动窗体到左、右、下部，松开鼠标后窗体会停驻在左、右、下部。操作窗体上的最大化、关闭按钮，可以让窗体最大化和关闭。还可以操作窗体的边框，向左、下、右拖动放大缩小窗体；鼠标点击任务栏的图标可以查找窗体当前的停靠位置。