[tkinter实现]汉字笔顺小软件

软件简介

本软件旨在帮助小学生通过互动式学习掌握汉字的基本笔画和笔顺。软件采用Tkinter库构建，提供了一个用户友好的图形界面，适合小学生使用。

主要功能：

汉字展示：软件能够展示单个汉字，并以动画形式演示其标准笔画顺序。
笔顺学习：通过动态图示，学生可以学习每个汉字的正确笔顺，加强记忆。
读音练习：软件提供汉字的标准读音。
笔画数统计：展示每个汉字的笔画数，加深学生对汉字结构的认识。

技术实现：

本软件使用Python语言开发，利用Tkinter库创建图形用户界面。
汉字笔顺动画和读音数据来源于汉字数据库，确保信息的准确性。
软件设计注重用户体验，界面简洁，操作直观。

效果展示:

在这里插入图片描述

源码

class WinGUI(tk.Tk):def __init__(self):super().__init__()self.__win()self.tk_tabs_menu = self.__tk_tabs_menu(self)self.tk_text_koujue = self.__tk_text_koujue(self.tk_tabs_menu_4)self.tk_text_ext_rule = self.__tk_text_ext_rule(self.tk_tabs_menu_3)self.tk_text_common_rule = self.__tk_text_common_rule(self.tk_tabs_menu_2)self.tk_label_bihua_name_image = self.__tk_label_bihua_name_image(self.tk_tabs_menu_1)self.tk_text_title = self.__tk_text_title(self.tk_tabs_menu_0)self.tk_input_search_chinese = self.__tk_input_search_chinese(self.tk_tabs_menu_0)self.tk_button_search_btn = self.__tk_button_search_btn(self.tk_tabs_menu_0)self.tk_text_bihua_num = self.__tk_text_bihua_num(self.tk_tabs_menu_0)self.tk_text_pinyin = self.__tk_text_pinyin(self.tk_tabs_menu_0)self.tk_label_bishun_img = self.__tk_label_bishun_img(self.tk_tabs_menu_0)self.tk_button_pre_img = self.__tk_button_pre_img(self.tk_tabs_menu_0)self.tk_button_next_img = self.__tk_button_next_img(self.tk_tabs_menu_0)self.bihua_num = 0self.current_tile = -1def __win(self):self.title("汉字笔画工具")# 设置窗口大小、居中width = 500height = 400screenwidth = self.winfo_screenwidth()screenheight = self.winfo_screenheight()geometry = '%dx%d+%d+%d' % (width, height, (screenwidth - width) / 2, (screenheight - height) / 2)self.geometry(geometry)self.resizable(width=False, height=False)def scrollbar_autohide(self, vbar, hbar, widget):"""自动隐藏滚动条"""def show():if vbar: vbar.lift(widget)if hbar: hbar.lift(widget)def hide():if vbar: vbar.lower(widget)if hbar: hbar.lower(widget)hide()widget.bind("<Enter>", lambda e: show())if vbar: vbar.bind("<Enter>", lambda e: show())if vbar: vbar.bind("<Leave>", lambda e: hide())if hbar: hbar.bind("<Enter>", lambda e: show())if hbar: hbar.bind("<Leave>", lambda e: hide())widget.bind("<Leave>", lambda e: hide())def v_scrollbar(self, vbar, widget, x, y, w, h, pw, ph):widget.configure(yscrollcommand=vbar.set)vbar.config(command=widget.yview)vbar.place(relx=(w + x) / pw, rely=y / ph, relheight=h / ph, anchor='ne')def h_scrollbar(self, hbar, widget, x, y, w, h, pw, ph):widget.configure(xscrollcommand=hbar.set)hbar.config(command=widget.xview)hbar.place(relx=x / pw, rely=(y + h) / ph, relwidth=w / pw, anchor='sw')def create_bar(self, master, widget, is_vbar, is_hbar, x, y, w, h, pw, ph):vbar, hbar = None, Noneif is_vbar:vbar = Scrollbar(master)self.v_scrollbar(vbar, widget, x, y, w, h, pw, ph)if is_hbar:hbar = Scrollbar(master, orient="horizontal")self.h_scrollbar(hbar, widget, x, y, w, h, pw, ph)self.scrollbar_autohide(vbar, hbar, widget)def __tk_tabs_menu(self, parent):frame = Notebook(parent)self.tk_tabs_menu_0 = self.__tk_frame_menu_0(frame)frame.add(self.tk_tabs_menu_0, text="笔画")self.tk_tabs_menu_1 = self.__tk_frame_menu_1(frame)frame.add(self.tk_tabs_menu_1, text="笔画名称表")self.tk_tabs_menu_2 = self.__tk_frame_menu_2(frame)frame.add(self.tk_tabs_menu_2, text="笔顺一般规则")self.tk_tabs_menu_3 = self.__tk_frame_menu_3(frame)frame.add(self.tk_tabs_menu_3, text="笔顺补充规则")self.tk_tabs_menu_4 = self.__tk_frame_menu_4(frame)frame.add(self.tk_tabs_menu_4, text="笔顺口诀")frame.place(x=0, y=0, width=500, height=400)return framedef __tk_frame_menu_0(self, parent):frame = Frame(parent)frame.place(x=0, y=0, width=500, height=400)return framedef __tk_frame_menu_1(self, parent):frame = Frame(parent)frame.place(x=0, y=0, width=500, height=400)return framedef __tk_frame_menu_2(self, parent):frame = Frame(parent)frame.place(x=0, y=0, width=500, height=400)return framedef __tk_frame_menu_3(self, parent):frame = Frame(parent)frame.place(x=0, y=0, width=500, height=400)return framedef __tk_frame_menu_4(self, parent):frame = Frame(parent)frame.place(x=0, y=0, width=500, height=400)return framedef __tk_text_koujue(self, parent):"""笔顺口诀"""text = tk.Text(parent, spacing2=25, bd=0, wrap="word", font=("微软雅黑", 14))text.place(x=0, y=0, width=500, height=400)text.insert(tk.END, "从上到下为主，从左到右为辅。\r\n上下左右俱全，根据层次分组；\r\n横竖交叉先横，撇捺交叉先撇；\r\n中间突出先中，右上有点后补；\r\n上包下时先外，下包上时先内；\r\n""三框首横末折，大囗最后封底；\r\n分歧遵照《规范》，做到流畅美观。")text.config(state='disabled')return textdef __tk_text_ext_rule(self, parent):text = tk.Text(parent, spacing2=25, bd=0, wrap="word", font=("微软雅黑", 14))text.place(x=0, y=0, width=500, height=400)text.insert(tk.END,"1.点在上部或左上，先写点：衣 立 为\r\n2.点在右上或在字里，后写点：发 瓦 我\r\n3.上右和上左包围结构的字，先外后里：厅 座 屋\r\n4.左下包围结构的字，先里后外：远 ""建 廷\r\n5.左下右包围结构的字，先里后外：凶 画\r\n6.左上右包围结构的字，先里后外：同 用 风\r\n7.上左下包围结构的字，先上后里在左下：医 巨 匠 区")text.config(state='disabled')return textdef __tk_text_common_rule(self, parent):text = tk.Text(parent, spacing2=25, bd=0, wrap="word", font=("微软雅黑", 14))text.place(x=0, y=0, width=500, height=400)text.insert(tk.END,"1.先撇后捺 ： 人 八 入\r\n2.先横后竖：十 王 干\r\n3.从上到下：三 竟 音\r\n4.从左到右：理 利 礼 明 湖\r\n5.先外后里： 问 同 ""司\r\n6.先外后里在封口：国 圆 园 圈\r\n7.先中间后两边：小 水\r\n")text.config(state='disabled')return textdef __tk_label_bihua_name_image(self, parent):global img  # 使用全局变量来保持对图片对象的引用try:# 打开图片文件img = Image.open("bihua.png")# 获取Label的宽度和高度label_width = 500label_height = 400# 计算图片的原始宽高比original_ratio = img.size[0] / img.size[1]# 根据Label的尺寸和图片的宽高比计算新的图片尺寸if original_ratio >= 1:  # 宽度大于高度new_width = label_widthnew_height = int(new_width / original_ratio)else:  # 高度大于宽度new_height = label_heightnew_width = int(new_height * original_ratio)# 调整图片尺寸以适应Label的尺寸，同时保持宽高比img = img.resize((new_width, new_height - 35), )# 将PIL图片对象转换为Tkinter的PhotoImage对象img = ImageTk.PhotoImage(img)# 创建Label，并设置图片和位置label = Label(parent, image=img, anchor="center")label.place(x=(label_width - new_width) // 2, y=(label_height - new_height) // 2, width=new_width,height=new_height)return labelexcept IOError:logging.error("图片文件bihua.png未找到或无法打开。")def __tk_text_title(self, parent):ipt = Entry(parent, justify="center", font=("微软雅黑", 18), foreground="red")ipt.place(x=175, y=12, width=150, height=53)ipt.insert(tk.END, "汉字笔画工具")ipt.config(state='disabled')return iptdef __tk_input_search_chinese(self, parent):ipt = Entry(parent, justify="center", font=("微软雅黑", 24))ipt.place(x=20, y=116, width=59, height=58)return iptdef __tk_button_search_btn(self, parent):btn = Button(parent, text="搜索", takefocus=False, command=self.tk_button_search_click)btn.place(x=91, y=117, width=66, height=57)return btndef tk_button_search_click(self):# 清除数据self.bihua_num = 0self.current_tile = -1self.tk_text_bihua_num = self.__tk_text_bihua_num(self.tk_tabs_menu_0)self.tk_text_pinyin = self.__tk_text_pinyin(self.tk_tabs_menu_0)chinese = self.tk_input_search_chinese.get()if not chinese:messagebox.showerror("提示", message="搜索汉字不能为空")returnelif len(chinese) > 1:messagebox.showerror("提示", message="搜索汉字不能超过1个")returnassets = './assets'if not os.path.exists(assets):os.mkdir(assets)chinese_dir = os.path.join(assets, chinese)if not os.path.exists(chinese_dir):# 创建目录os.mkdir(chinese_dir)# 假设chinese是单个汉字字符，chinese_ord是其Unicode编码chinese_ord = ord(chinese)# 构造汉字笔顺动画图片和笔顺规范图片的URLhanzi_url = f'https://bishun.net/hanzi/{chinese_ord}'donghua_url = f'https://bishun.net/assets/bishun/donghua/bishundonghua-{chinese_ord}.gif'fenbu_url = f'https://bishun.net/assets/bishun/fenbu/bishun-{chinese_ord}.png'try:# 请求汉字信息页面response = requests.get(hanzi_url)if response.status_code == 200:# 解析网页内容soup = BeautifulSoup(response.content, 'html.parser')# 这里需要根据网页结构来定位笔画数和读音的元素# 例如，如果它们位于具有特定class的元素内，可以使用soup.find()或soup.select()# 以下代码仅为示例，需要根据实际网页结构进行调整bi_shu = soup.select('.bishun-hanzi-info-right')[1].textdu_yin = soup.select('.bishun-hanzi-info-right')[2].textprint(f"笔画数：{bi_shu}，读音：{du_yin}")with open(os.path.join(chinese_dir, f'{chinese}.txt'), 'w', encoding='utf-8') as f:f.write(f"{bi_shu}\n{du_yin}")# 请求并下载笔顺动画图片donghua_response = requests.get(donghua_url)if donghua_response.status_code == 200:with open(os.path.join(chinese_dir, f'{chinese}.gif'), 'wb') as f:f.write(donghua_response.content)# 请求并下载笔顺规范图片fenbu_response = requests.get(fenbu_url)if fenbu_response.status_code == 200:with open(os.path.join(chinese_dir, f'{chinese}.png'), 'wb') as f:f.write(fenbu_response.content)except requests.exceptions.RequestException as e:logging.error(f"请求失败：{e}")# 读取汉字信息文件with open(os.path.join(chinese_dir, f'{chinese}.txt'), 'r', encoding='utf-8') as f:lines = f.readlines()bi_shu = lines[0].strip()self.tk_text_bihua_num.insert(tk.END, f'笔画: {bi_shu}')self.tk_text_bihua_num.config(state='disabled')du_yin = lines[1].strip()self.tk_text_pinyin.insert(tk.END, f'读音: {du_yin}')self.tk_text_pinyin.config(state='disabled')self.bihua_num = int(bi_shu)# 显示完整字图片gif self.tk_label_bishun_imgglobal img1  # 使用全局变量来保持对图片对象的引用# 打开图片文件img1 = Image.open(os.path.join(chinese_dir, f'{chinese}.gif'))# 获取Label的宽度和高度label_width = 137label_height = 138# 计算图片的原始宽高比original_ratio = img1.size[0] / img1.size[1]# 根据Label的尺寸和图片的宽高比计算新的图片尺寸if original_ratio >= 1:  # 宽度大于高度new_width = label_widthnew_height = int(new_width / original_ratio)else:  # 高度大于宽度new_height = label_heightnew_width = int(new_height * original_ratio)# 调整图片尺寸以适应Label的尺寸，同时保持宽高比img1 = img1.resize((new_width - 15, new_height - 15), )# 将PIL图片对象转换为Tkinter的PhotoImage对象img1 = ImageTk.PhotoImage(img1)self.tk_label_bishun_img.config(image=img1)# 提前加载笔顺规范global tilestiles = self.load_and_split_image(os.path.join(chinese_dir, f'{chinese}.png'), self.bihua_num)def __tk_text_bihua_num(self, parent):ipt = Entry(parent, justify="left", font=("微软雅黑", 16))ipt.place(x=169, y=115, width=91, height=60)return iptdef __tk_text_pinyin(self, parent):ipt = Entry(parent, justify="left", font=("微软雅黑", 14))ipt.place(x=272, y=116, width=220, height=58)return iptdef __tk_label_bishun_img(self, parent):label = Label(parent, text="", anchor="center", )label.place(x=180, y=215, width=137, height=138)return labeldef __tk_button_pre_img(self, parent):btn = Button(parent, text="上一笔", takefocus=False, command=lambda: self.__pre_img_click())btn.place(x=80, y=257, width=77, height=56)return btndef __tk_button_next_img(self, parent):btn = Button(parent, text="下一笔", takefocus=False, command=lambda: self.__next_img_click())btn.place(x=337, y=254, width=82, height=59)return btndef __pre_img_click(self):if 0 < self.current_tile < self.bihua_num:self.current_tile -= 1else:self.current_tile = 0self.tk_label_bishun_img.config(image=tiles[self.current_tile])def __next_img_click(self):if self.current_tile < 0:self.current_tile = 0elif self.current_tile == self.bihua_num - 1:self.current_tile = self.bihua_num - 1else:self.current_tile += 1self.tk_label_bishun_img.config(image=tiles[self.current_tile])# 加载图片并分割成多个部分def load_and_split_image(self, image_path, bi_shu):img = Image.open(image_path)width, height = img.sizeconst_per_row = 5  # 每一行最多5笔total_row = math.ceil(bi_shu / const_per_row)  # 向上取整,不能四舍五入tile_width, tile_height = (width // const_per_row, height // total_row)tiles = []for y in range(0, height, tile_height):for x in range(0, width, tile_width):tile = img.crop((x, y, x + tile_width, y + tile_height))tile = tile.resize((tile_width - 35, tile_height - 35), )tiles.append(ImageTk.PhotoImage(tile))return tiles