基于Arduino的多功能数字时钟

实现功能：

显示时间、日期和星期
断电保存时间
通过按钮设置时间、日期
整点响铃
自定义闹钟
显示温度
自定义报警温度
按键功能：按选择键进入设置时间功能；同时按 + - 键进入闹钟和报警温度设置功能；
再按选择键光标跳动，光标跳到哪当前的参数即可通过加减键修改。

实验所需器件：
Arduino开发板或Atmega328P芯片、DS1302时钟芯片、温度传感器DS18b20、蜂鸣器、不带锁开关、LCD1602、10K可调电阻、10K电阻（可不接，即DS18b20端口的电阻可去掉，不影响读数）

Proteus ISIS 仿真图：
这里写图片描述
依赖库下载:
DS1302
OneWire
DallasTemperature

依赖库的安装方法，如不清楚，可以参考官方文档《安装其他的Arduino库》

实物图：
这里写图片描述

程序如下：

/* * * LCD RS pin to digital pin 12* LCD Enable pin to digital pin 11* LCD D4 pin to digital pin 5* LCD D5 pin to digital pin 4* LCD D6 pin to digital pin 3* LCD D7 pin to digital pin 2* LCD R/W pin to ground* LCD VSS pin to ground* LCD VCC pin to 5V * */
#include <DS1302.h>    
#include <LiquidCrystal.h>       //LCD1602显示头文件
#include <OneWire.h> 
#include <DallasTemperature.h>  //温度传感器DS18B20头文件
#define ONE_WIRE_BUS A3            //DS18B20 信号端口 
OneWire oneWire(ONE_WIRE_BUS); 
DallasTemperature sensors(&oneWire);
LiquidCrystal lcd(12, 11, 5, 4, 3, 2); 
#define choose  A0   //选择端口
#define add  A1      //加
#define minus  A2    //减
#define Tone 13      //蜂鸣器端口
uint8_t CE_PIN   = 8;   //DS1302 RST端口
uint8_t IO_PIN   = 9;   //DS1302 DAT端口
uint8_t SCLK_PIN = 10;  //DS1302 CLK端口
DS1302 rtc(CE_PIN, IO_PIN, SCLK_PIN);  //创建 DS1302 对象
unsigned long seconds;
int s = 0, m = 0, h = 0, d = 0, mon = 0, y = 0;   //时间进位
int second = 0, minute = 0, hour = 0, day = 0, month = 0, year = 0;  //当前时间
int SECOND = 0, MINUTE = 0, HOUR = 0, DAY = 0, MONTH = 0, YEAR = 0;  //初始时间
int chose = 0, alarm_choose = 0 ,ButtonDelay = 10, frequence = 2093;
int alarm_hour = 7, alarm_minute = 30, alarm_second = 0;  //闹钟时间
double Temperatures, Temp_Alarm = 30 ; void setup(){    for(int i = 2;i <= 13; i++){pinMode(i,OUTPUT); }                digitalWrite(add, HIGH);digitalWrite(minus, HIGH);digitalWrite(choose, HIGH);  lcd.begin(16, 2);  //初始化LCD1602 sensors.begin();   //初始化温度传感器DS18B20  //Time t(2015, 5, 16, 0, 2, 20, 1);  //rtc.time(t);  //设置DS1302芯片初始时间//由于当初遗留的一些问题，本方案有些不完美。我这里使用的方案是通电读取DS1302芯片的时间，然后再根据运行时间让时间走动。//如果对时间精确性比较敏感，可以改成始终从DS1302芯片读取时间。set(rtc.year(), rtc.month(), rtc.date(), rtc.hour(), rtc.minutes(), rtc.seconds());  rtc.write_protect(false);  // 关闭DS1302芯片写保护rtc.halt(false);           //为true时DS1302暂停
}/** 格式化输出 */
void FormatDisplay(int col, int row,int num){lcd.setCursor(col, row); if(num < 10)   lcd.print("0");lcd.print(num);   
}/** 计算时间 */
void time() {    second = (SECOND + seconds) % 60;   //计算秒m = (SECOND + seconds) / 60;        //分钟进位FormatDisplay(6,1,second);minute = (MINUTE + m) % 60;  //计算分钟h = (MINUTE + m) / 60;       //小时进位FormatDisplay(3,1,minute);      hour = (HOUR + h) % 24;   //计算小时d = (HOUR + h) / 24;      //天数进位FormatDisplay(0,1,hour); lcd.setCursor(2, 1);   lcd.print(":");   lcd.setCursor(5, 1);   lcd.print(":");  
}/** 根据年月计算当月天数 */
int Days(int year, int month){int days = 0;if (month != 2){switch(month){case 1: case 3: case 5: case 7: case 8: case 10: case 12: days = 31;  break;case 4: case 6: case 9: case 11:  days = 30;  break;}}else{   //闰年    if(year % 4 == 0 && year % 100 != 0 || year % 400 == 0){days = 29;          }    else{days = 28;  }     }  return days;   
}/** 计算当月天数 */ 
void Day(){     int days = Days(year,month);int days_up;if(month == 1){days_up = Days(year - 1, 12); }   else{days_up = Days(year, month - 1);}  day = (DAY + d) % days;if(day == 0){day = days;  }     if((DAY + d) == days + 1 ){DAY -= days;mon++;}if((DAY + d) == 0){DAY += days_up;mon--;}FormatDisplay(8,0,day); 
}/** 计算月份 */
void Month(){  month = (MONTH + mon) % 12;if(month == 0){month = 12;}  y = (MONTH + mon - 1) / 12;FormatDisplay(5,0,month); lcd.setCursor(7, 0);   lcd.print('-'); 
}/** 计算年份 */
void Year(){ year = ( YEAR + y ) % 9999;if(year == 0){year = 9999;} lcd.setCursor(0, 0); if(year < 1000){ lcd.print("0"); }if(year < 100){ lcd.print("0"); }if(year < 10){ lcd.print("0"); }lcd.print(year);lcd.setCursor(4, 0);   lcd.print('-'); 
}/** 根据年月日计算星期几 */
void Week(int y,int m, int d){           if(m == 1){m = 13;}if(m == 2){m = 14;} int week = (d+2*m+3*(m+1)/5+y+y/4-y/100+y/400)%7+1; String weekstr = "";switch(week){case 1: weekstr = "Mon. ";   break;case 2: weekstr = "Tues. ";  break;case 3: weekstr = "Wed. ";   break;case 4: weekstr = "Thur. ";  break;case 5: weekstr = "Fri. ";   break;case 6: weekstr = "Sat. ";   break;case 7: weekstr = "Sun. ";   break;}    lcd.setCursor(11, 0);  lcd.print(weekstr);
}/** 显示时间、日期、星期 */
void Display() { time();Day();  Month();Year();Week(year,month,day);  
}/** 显示光标 */
void DisplayCursor(int rol, int row) {lcd.setCursor(rol, row);   lcd.cursor();delay(100);     lcd.noCursor();delay(100);    
}/** 设置初始时间 */
void set(int y, int mon, int d, int h, int m, int s){YEAR = y;MONTH = mon;DAY = d;  HOUR = h;MINUTE = m;SECOND = s;  
}/** 通过按键设置时间 */
void Set_Time(int rol, int row, int &Time){DisplayCursor(rol, row); if(digitalRead(add) == LOW){delay(ButtonDelay);if(digitalRead(add) == LOW){Time ++;}           Display();      }  if(digitalRead(minus) == LOW){delay(ButtonDelay);if(digitalRead(minus) == LOW){Time --; }            Display();  }
}/** 按键选择 */
void Set_Clock(){if(digitalRead(choose)==LOW){  lcd.setCursor(9, 1);  lcd.print("SetTime");while(1){       if(digitalRead(choose) == LOW){delay(ButtonDelay);if(digitalRead(choose) ==LOW){chose++;  }} seconds = millis()/1000; Display(); if(chose == 1){Set_Time(1, 1, HOUR);      //SetHour}else if(chose == 2){ Set_Time(4, 1, MINUTE);    //SetMinute}else if(chose == 3){Set_Time(7, 1, SECOND);    //SetSecond}else if(chose == 4){Set_Time(9, 0, DAY);       //SetDay}else if(chose == 5){Set_Time(6, 0, MONTH);     // SetMonth}else if(chose == 6){            Set_Time(3, 0, YEAR);      //SetYear}else if(chose >= 7) {chose = 0; break;}}}  
}/** 设置闹钟小时 */
void Set_Alarm_Hour(){DisplayCursor(1, 1);   if(digitalRead(add) == LOW){delay(ButtonDelay);if(digitalRead(add) == LOW){alarm_hour ++;if(alarm_hour == 24){alarm_hour = 0;}   FormatDisplay(0,1,alarm_hour);   }}if(digitalRead(minus) == LOW){delay(ButtonDelay);if(digitalRead(minus) == LOW){                alarm_hour --;if(alarm_hour == -1){alarm_hour = 23;}   FormatDisplay(0,1,alarm_hour); }}
}/** 设置闹钟分钟 */
void Set_Alarm_Minute(){DisplayCursor(4, 1); if(digitalRead(add) == LOW) {delay(ButtonDelay);if(digitalRead(add) == LOW){alarm_minute ++;if(alarm_minute == 60){alarm_minute = 0;}  FormatDisplay(3,1,alarm_minute); }}if(digitalRead(minus) == LOW){delay(ButtonDelay);if(digitalRead(minus) == LOW){                alarm_minute --;if(alarm_minute == -1){alarm_minute = 59;}  FormatDisplay(3,1,alarm_minute); } }  
}/** 设置报警温度 */
void Set_Alarm_Temp(){  DisplayCursor(10, 1); if(digitalRead(add) == LOW) {delay(ButtonDelay);if(digitalRead(add) == LOW){Temp_Alarm ++; }             }if(digitalRead(minus) == LOW){delay(ButtonDelay);if(digitalRead(minus) == LOW){Temp_Alarm --; }   }
}/** 进入报警设置 */
void Set_Alarm(){if(digitalRead(add) == LOW && digitalRead(minus) == LOW){alarm_hour = hour;alarm_minute = minute;//alarm_choose  = 1;lcd.setCursor(0, 0);   lcd.print("set alarm       ");  lcd.setCursor(6, 1);   lcd.print("00");         //闹钟秒数      while(1){if(digitalRead(choose) == LOW){delay(ButtonDelay);if(digitalRead(choose) == LOW){alarm_choose++; }                    }lcd.setCursor(9, 1);   lcd.print(Temp_Alarm);lcd.setCursor(14, 1);  lcd.print((char)223);    //显示o符号lcd.setCursor(15, 1);  lcd.print("C");          //显示字母C     if(alarm_choose == 1){Set_Alarm_Hour();}else if(alarm_choose == 2){Set_Alarm_Minute();        }else if(alarm_choose == 3){Set_Alarm_Temp(); }else if(alarm_choose >= 4){alarm_choose = 0;break;}       }}
} /** 正点蜂鸣 */
void Point_Time_Alarm(){if(minute == 0 && second == 0){tone(Tone,frequence); delay(500);noTone(Tone);   }    
}/** 闹钟 指定时间蜂鸣 */
void Clock_Alarm(){if(hour == alarm_hour && minute == alarm_minute && second == alarm_second){tone(Tone,frequence); delay(5000);noTone(Tone);   }
} /** 获取DS18B20温度 */
void GetTemperatures(){sensors.requestTemperatures(); // Send the command to get temperaturesTemperatures = sensors.getTempCByIndex(0);lcd.setCursor(9, 1) ;    lcd.print(Temperatures); //获取温度lcd.setCursor(14, 1);  lcd.print((char)223); //显示o符号lcd.setCursor(15, 1);  lcd.print("C"); //显示字母C     
}/** 超过指定温度报警 */
void Temperatures_Alarm(){if(Temperatures >= Temp_Alarm){tone(Tone,frequence); delay(500);noTone(Tone);       }
}void loop() { seconds = millis()/1000;    //获取单片机当前运行时间 Display();       //显示时间Set_Clock();     //设置时间  Set_Alarm();     //设置闹钟Point_Time_Alarm();    //正点蜂鸣Clock_Alarm();         //闹钟时间蜂鸣GetTemperatures();     //获取DS18B20温度Temperatures_Alarm();  //超过指定温度报警Time t(year, month, day, hour, minute, second, 1);  //断电将单片机的当前时间写到DS1302芯片中rtc.time(t);
}